Subsurface voids pose significant risks to geotechnical integrity. Accurately mapping these voids is fundamental for ensuring the safety of structures and infrastructure. Traditional methods, such as borehole analysis, can be time-consuming and provide limited spatial resolution. Emerging geophysica

Geotechnical exploration strategies are crucial for characterizing cavities and voids within the subsurface. These structures can significantly affect the stability of foundations, infrastructure, and landforms. A variety of non-invasive exploration methods are employed to identify cavities and void

Geophysical exploration employs a crucial role in the identification and characterization of potential mineral orebodies. By employing various physical methods, geologists can penetrate beneath the Earth's surface to detect subsurface structures and signatures indicative of mineral richness. These